Surface wrinkling morphologies in various living matter with toroidal geometry. (a) Bidirectional stripes on a garlic. (b) Hexagonal-labyrinth bistable patterns on a dehydrated pepper. (c) Transverse ...

Nematic order on curved surfaces is often disrupted by the presence of topological defects, which are singular regions in which the orientational order is undefined. In the presence of ...

For the PDF version of this article, click here. Design engineers are under constant pressure to reduce component size while ensuring equal or greater performance. Most engineers would prefer to ...